Thursday, May 21, 2020
The Effects of Reality Television Show to the Mass...
The Effects of Reality Television Show to the Mass Communication Students of Far Eastern University A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of English Far Eastern University Nicanor Reyes St., Manila In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course English II Go, Jerome Punsalang, Mary Justinne Recio, Maecy Joy Toledo, Leah Faith MC1123 October 5, 2012 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study According to Ilda (2011) on her post to the website to Get Real Philippines!, Filipinos in general have the desire to be on a permanent state of euphoria or at least with being supposed to be a happy-go-lucky society no matter what circumstances they are in. Happy-go-lucky is aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The statements in the questionnaires or survey forms were based in the reactions of the audiences to Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition 4. The data that will be collected from the survey will be tallied and analyzed. F. Definition of Terms Students. These are second year to fourth year Mass Communication students of Far Eastern University. Behavioral Coping Ability. It refers to the behavior of students towards other people. Emotional Coping Ability. It refers to the way the students express emotion. Social Influence Theory. It states that ones emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others, which may take form in conformity, socialization, persuasion, sales, etc. Uses and Gratifications Theory. It states that a person must play an active role in choosing and using the mass media Reality Television Shows. It refers to the television programs which are unscripted and happens in reality. Chapter 2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The researchers conducted a survey among the Mass Communication students of Far Eastern University to know whether Pinoy Big Brother: Teen Edition 4 affects the studentsââ¬â¢ emotional and behavioral coping ability. There were 29 respondents, 10 from the second and third year and 9 from the fourth year. The rating for each survey question is as follows: 1 for strongly disagree, 2 for disagree, 3 for agree, and 4 for strongly agree. FIGURE 1 Eleven percent of the fourthShow MoreRelatedMass Communication Effects on Indian Society3799 Words à |à 16 PagesABSTRACT Our world today is increasingly driven by a mass media due to the explosion of different means of communication, especially electronic communication such as satellite TV and Internet. The media is viewed as a source of power that influences, controls, and promotes new standards in the society and reinforces the existing ones. As the media increases in use as our prime source for information and values, there is a great need to critically evaluate inherent socio-political and culturalRead MoreSocial Power of the News Media12127 Words à |à 49 Pages1 Power and the News Media Teun A. van Dijk University of Amsterdam __________________ INTRODUCTION In the study of mass communication, there has been a continuous debate about the more or less powerful effects of the media on the public.1 Instead of reviewing these positions and their empirical claims, this chapter examines in more general terms some properties of the social power of the news media. This power is not restricted to the influence of the media on their audiences, but also involvesRead MoreIntercultural Communication of American Tv Series in China6643 Words à |à 27 Pages2009ç º §3ç æÅ'â¡Ã¥ ¯ ¼Ã¦â¢â¢Ã¥ ¸Ëï ¼Å¡ Ã¥ËËä ¿Å æ ° Cross-cultural communication of American TV Series in China ââ¬âillustrated be the example of The Big Bang Theory Submitted by kang Junfang Student ID number (200903010104) Supervised by (Liu Junjie) A paper submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Bachelor of Arts The Foreign Languages Department Zhoukou Normal University April, 2013 æ ¯â¢Ã¤ ¸Å¡Ã¨ ® ºÃ¦â"â¡Ã¯ ¼Ëè ® ¾Ã¨ ® ¡Ã¯ ¼â°Ã¤ ½Å"èâ¬â¦Ã¥ £ °Ã¦ËŽ æÅ" ¬Ã¤ º ºÃ©Æ'âé⡠å £ °Ã¦ËŽï ¼Å¡Ã¦â°â¬Ã¥âËä º ¤Ã§Å¡âæ ¯â¢Ã¤ ¸Å¡Ã¨ ® ºÃ¦â"â¡Ã¦Ë ¯Ã¦Å" ¬Ã¤ º ºÃ¥Å" ¨Ã¥ ¯ ¼Ã¥ ¸ËçšâæÅ'â¡Ã¥ ¯ ¼Ã¤ ¸â¹Ã§â¹ ¬Read MoreRole of Media in Tourism9761 Words à |à 40 Pagesà Theà Roleà ofà Mediaà Communicationsà inà Developingà Tourismà Policyà andà Crossâ⬠Culturalà Communicationà forà Peace,à Securityà forà Sustainableà Tourismà Industryà inà Africaà à à à à Author:à Wilsonà Okakaà à Lecturerà (Communicationsà andà Environmentà Programmes)à Kyambogoà Universityà Kampalaâ⬠(Uganda)à Telephones:à [Office:à 256â⬠414â⬠3771775]à â⬠à [Mobile:à 256â⬠078â⬠2588846]à Email:à nupap2000@yahoo.comà à à à à à Paperà Presentedà atà theà 4thà Internationalà Instituteà ofà Peaceà throughà Tourismà (IIPT)à Africanà Conferenceà onà Peaceà throughà Tourismà atà Read MoreOthering Through Media4677 Words à |à 19 PagesUniversity of Helsinki Faculty of Social Sciences Meeting the Other by Prof.emerita Ullamaija Kivikuru ------------------------------------------------- ââ¬ËOtheringââ¬â¢ and the media A literature review on media about, for and by minorities Lieselotte De Mey Student ID no. 014214154 Master student Media and global communication Abstract Since we live in a multicultural society, meaning that we are constantly faced with ââ¬Ëthe otherââ¬â¢, we often turn to media as a source to gather informationRead MoreHegemony and Discourse : Negotiating Cultural Relationships Through Media Production8970 Words à |à 36 PagesVersion of Record - Dec 1, 2002 What is This? Downloaded from jou.sagepub.com at University Tunku Abdul Rahman on February 22, 2013 Journalism Copyright à © 2002 SAGE Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, CA and New Delhi) Vol. 3(3): 309ââ¬â329 [1464-8849(200212)3:3;309ââ¬â329;028479] ARTICLE Hegemony and discourse Negotiating cultural relationships through media production Michael Robert Evans Indiana University, USA ABSTRACT As part of large, complex social structures, media organizationsRead MoreLanguage Attitudes8272 Words à |à 34 Pageslanguage is widely used not only in the Philippines but throughout the world. It is mostly consider as a second language of non- English speaking countries and the worldââ¬â¢s international language. It is widely used as a medium of instruction and communication in many fields such as in education, business, and sciences and even in the day to day activities of man. It unites the whole world Fluency in English language is important and the key that brings success to life. Because of these, the number ofRead MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors9283 Words à |à 38 Pagesexpression and democracy. On the other hand, they are businesses that produce commodities ââ¬â information and entertainment ââ¬â for a market. At the same time, because their products are descriptions of reality that influence our perceptions of the world around us, news media wield influence that extends far beyond the marketplace. Who controls the media is of significance to every member of society. As figures like Rupert Murdoch, Silvio Berlusconi and the new Russian media barons remind us, control ofRead MoreJournalistic and Commercial News Value: News Organizations as Patrons of an Institution and Market Actors 9276 Words à |à 38 Pagesexpression and democracy. On the other hand, they are businesses that produce comm odities ââ¬â information and entertainment ââ¬â for a market. At the same time, because their products are descriptions of reality that influence our perceptions of the world around us, news media wield influence that extends far beyond the marketplace. Who controls the media is of significance to every member of society. As figures like Rupert Murdoch, Silvio Berlusconi and the new Russian media barons remind us, control ofRead MoreIntercultural Communication21031 Words à |à 85 PagesI. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION. FRAMEWORK ...the single greatest barrier to business success is the one erected by culture. Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall Why study Intercultural Communication? Cultural diversity and multiculturalism are the realities of everyday life for almost everyone. The growth of interdependence of people and cultures in the global society of the twenty-first century has forced us to pay more attention to intercultural issues. In order to live and function
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Mary Shelleys Life - 1162 Words
Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Life/Inspirations of Frankenstein Can you guess who was born during the 8th year of the French Revolution? It was a beautiful young women borned as Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin. Mary was born on August 30, 1797 in London, England. Mary was the child of Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin. She was later married to a man named Percy Bysshe Shelley. Maryââ¬â¢s parents were both writers which inspired her to later on in her life to write horror novels. Mary Shelley, the famous author of ââ¬Å"Frankensteinâ⬠, used the experience of her hardships in life to create gothic and memorable novels that still can be appreciated by todayââ¬â¢s readers. If I was to describe Mary with one word it would be misfortunate. Ever since birth she has been facing problems after problems. Two weeks after birth, Maryââ¬â¢s mother, Mary Wollstonecraft past away due to a severe fever. Mary Wollstonecraft was a pioneer in feminist thinking and writing. She was influenced b y Thomas Paine that all women should have equal rights. When Wollstonecraft was younger she witnessed her mom being verbally and physically abused by her father. Her father referred to her mother as a piece of property who cannot have the same future as him due to her sex. After her motherââ¬â¢s death, Wollstonecraft decided to make her own livelihood with her sister Eliza and her best friend Fanny. When Wollstonecraft was 28, she wrote a semi-autobiographical novel called ââ¬Å"Mariaâ⬠which was later became very famous in London.Show MoreRelatedMary Shelleys Life Of Literature Essay1407 Words à |à 6 Pagesquote said by Frankenstein, in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, which leaves a lasting impression on the reader was intended by Shelley. Literature was a major part of Mary Wollstonecraft Shelleys childhood and adulthood. Mary Shelleys parents brought literature to her from the day she was born. Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, as she was named at birth, was born to two intellectual rebels of their day, William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft, on August 30th, 1797. Mary Wollstonecraft was the celebratedRead MoreEmotional Isolation in Mary Shelleys Life and in Frankenstein1159 Words à |à 5 Pagesdamaging results upon the monster, and indirectly cause him to act out his frustrations on the innocent.à The monsters emotional isolation makes him gradually turn worse and worse until evil fully prevails.à This theme perpetuates from Mary Shelleys personal life and problems with her father and husband, which carry on into the work and make it more realistic.(Mellor 32)à During the time she was writing this novel, she was experiencing the emotional pangs of her newborns death and her half-sistersRead More Essay on the Influence of Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Life on Frankenstein927 Words à |à 4 PagesInflu ence of Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Life on Frankenstein à à à à Since its publication in 1818, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein has grown to become a name associated with horror and science fiction. To fully understand the importance and origin of this novel, we must look at both the tragedies of Mary Shelleys background and her own origins. Only then can we begin to examine what the icon Frankenstein has become in todays society. à à à à à Mary Godwin was born in London in 1797 to prominent philosopherRead MoreLiving Life to the Fullest in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein1000 Words à |à 4 Pagesit is not considered to be living life to the fullest. To live fully, is to be happy. There are many components that contribute to happiness. Friendship is one of those components. In Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein the theme of the importance of friendship is displayed. It is apparent that Frankensteinââ¬â¢s life is meaningless without his friends and that the creature cannot find happiness without a companion. Friendship is vital for one to be content and to live life fully. Shelley is able to successfullyRead MoreEssay on Frankenstein: Reflecting Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Life Experiences2738 Words à |à 11 Pagesis especially true in the case of Mary Shelley. Shelley began her novel at the age of 18 when the most prominent materials in the consciousness and unconsciousness of Shelley were concerned with th e conflicts stemming from the death of her mother. Frankenstein is the outcome of Shelleyââ¬â¢s unresolved grief for the death of her mother which was the crisis she needed to work through to forget her own adult identity. Mary was the daughter of a revolutionary author Mary Wollstonecraft who is regarded asRead MoreMary Shelleys Frankenstein. The themes of giving birth and creating life, isolation and alienation and family and kinship.2078 Words à |à 9 Pagesthoughts and answer questions concerning the famous book Frankenstein by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. The story has been a huge influence on the genre of gothic novels, on female writers and on movie makers. Its themes have fascinated the literature scene and inspired other authors. This is why I would like to introduce the main themes leading through the story. I will focus on the themes of giving birth and creating life, isolation and alienation and family and kinship. I will give a short overviewRead MoreMary Shelley: Her life influence in Frankenstein. Mary Shelleys life hardships show up subtley throughout her novel Frankenstein.1243 Words à |à 5 PagesMary Wollstonecraft Shelley endured many hardships during her life. Some of these included her mother dieing during childbirth, her loathing stepmother, and later in life, the death of her beloved husband. Although she maintained a strong relationship with her father, it did not cover-up the absence of a strong maternal figure. Mary Shelley s novel Frankenstein, was influenced by the pain she encountered in her life. Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin was born on August 30, 1797 to the couple of Mary WollstonecraftRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein : Fact Or Fiction911 Words à |à 4 PagesMary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein: Fact or Fiction When we all write, we are somehow influenced by the events in our own life. Whether it be experiences we have encountered, events, people, or desires; all are entangled with the pleasurable and not so pleasurable. Some believe Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s novel, Frankenstein, was written to show the painful life she endured. She presents a novel about Victor Frankenstein, a man who creates a living creature only to be horrified by him. Shelleyââ¬â¢s personal fearsRead MoreMary Shelley s Life And Life1153 Words à |à 5 PagesMary Shelley, through all of her struggles, still manages to completely entrap the entire imagination, and emotion of each individual member of her audience. Shelley, maiden name Godwin, was born on the 30 of August, 1797. Shortly after giving birth to to her newborn child, Mary Wollstonecraft died of an illness. September 10, 1797; Mary Wollstonecraft, mother to Mary Godwin, passed away, thus leaving her children motherless. Both of Shelleyââ¬â¢s parents were well known as intellectual thinkers, aheadRead MoreWarning Of The Dangers Of Science Or Suggestion That The Human1309 Words à |à 6 Pagesability to innovate, improve on what already exists, and create completely new things. In Mary Shelleyââ¬â¢s Frankenstein the main character Victor Frankenstein does just that, by creating his monster. Delving into the pages of Frankenstein one can discover many underlying themes such as science and morality, true monstrosity, and human thirst for discovery. Over the years many have posed the question of whether Mary Shelley, in writing her novel, attempted to provide a warning for future generations of
Chemistry in Our Daily Lives Free Essays
CHEMISTRY IN OUR DAILY LIVES Chemistry In Everyday Life Chemistry in everyday life : Our entire universe is made up of matter which is constantly changing forms and evolving into other forms of energy. Chemistry is defined as the study or science of this ever changing matter. The other sciences which we study commonly like biology, physics and mathematics are all dependent on chemistry and are only specific studies under the elaborate subject of chemistry. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry in Our Daily Lives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chemistry is also seen in biological forms and physical states of nature and we study it in subjects called biochemistry and physical chemistry which help us study these changes. There are many chemical changes which occur around us every day but we are never aware of them. Chemistry in Everyday Life Examples: 1) Water, which is one of the most important part of our live and occupies 70% of the earthââ¬â¢s surface is made by two chemical elements, hydrogen and oxygen. ) Soap is an emulsifier which allows oil and water to mix and so the oily mixtures on body and clothes can be removed after application of soap and water. 3) Chemistry is the reason why vegetables are colored. Colored vegetables consist of chemical compounds called carotenoids which have an area known as the chromophore. It absorbs certain wavelengths of light and thus there are colored vegetables. 4) Food is cooked because of the steam thatââ¬â¢s present either in the water added or that which is present inside t he food items. ) Onions make you cry due to the presence of sulfur in the cells which break after the onions are cut. This sulfur gets mixed with moisture and thus irritates your eyes. 6) You feel hungry because of the satiety center in your brain falls short of particular hormones to function and then sends the signal of hunger. 7) You fall in love, get attracted and have a feeling of belonging because of certain monoamines present in your brain which get stimulated through nerve sensors. How to cite Chemistry in Our Daily Lives, Papers
Chemistry in Our Daily Lives Free Essays
CHEMISTRY IN OUR DAILY LIVES Chemistry In Everyday Life Chemistry in everyday life : Our entire universe is made up of matter which is constantly changing forms and evolving into other forms of energy. Chemistry is defined as the study or science of this ever changing matter. The other sciences which we study commonly like biology, physics and mathematics are all dependent on chemistry and are only specific studies under the elaborate subject of chemistry. We will write a custom essay sample on Chemistry in Our Daily Lives or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chemistry is also seen in biological forms and physical states of nature and we study it in subjects called biochemistry and physical chemistry which help us study these changes. There are many chemical changes which occur around us every day but we are never aware of them. Chemistry in Everyday Life Examples: 1) Water, which is one of the most important part of our live and occupies 70% of the earthââ¬â¢s surface is made by two chemical elements, hydrogen and oxygen. ) Soap is an emulsifier which allows oil and water to mix and so the oily mixtures on body and clothes can be removed after application of soap and water. 3) Chemistry is the reason why vegetables are colored. Colored vegetables consist of chemical compounds called carotenoids which have an area known as the chromophore. It absorbs certain wavelengths of light and thus there are colored vegetables. 4) Food is cooked because of the steam thatââ¬â¢s present either in the water added or that which is present inside t he food items. ) Onions make you cry due to the presence of sulfur in the cells which break after the onions are cut. This sulfur gets mixed with moisture and thus irritates your eyes. 6) You feel hungry because of the satiety center in your brain falls short of particular hormones to function and then sends the signal of hunger. 7) You fall in love, get attracted and have a feeling of belonging because of certain monoamines present in your brain which get stimulated through nerve sensors. How to cite Chemistry in Our Daily Lives, Papers
Friday, April 24, 2020
Shintoism an Example of the Topic History Essays by
Shintoism by Expert Prof. Maryline | 23 Dec 2016 Introduction One of the most native religions that were practiced in Japan and one of the worlds oldest religions is Shintoism or Shinto, which is the commonly used word to refer to the religion. It was once Japans state religion before Buddhism was practiced. Basically, the word Shinto originated from the Chinese word Shintao, which means The Way of The Gods (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Need essay sample on "Shintoism" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The Shinto religion mainly involves the worship of multiple gods or goddesses, which are collectively called deities. More specifically, the Japanese term used to describe these deities is kami, which means that the beings or gods and goddesses are superior, mystical, or pine (Crystallinks.com, 2008). The Japanese used the term kami no michi which literally means the way of the gods in their language (Dominguez, 2006) so that they can distinguish themselves from their Buddhist counterparts. The main or most superior being or deity in Shintoism is Amaterasu, the sun goddess who many believe to be the founder of Japans ruler dynasty (Dominguez, 2006). As such, it was also believed that the Imperial Family originated from Amaterasu, which is why the Emperor was considered a pine being (Public Service Projects, 2008). History Although the Shinto religion is rich in history, its founder and founding date is not fully known. Even in the earliest documented historical accounts of Japanese people, the exact origin of Shinto cannot be found, which is why most historians and researches have difficulty explaining where its beliefs, cultures, and practices came from. The earliest culture that was found to have practiced the religion is the Yayoi (ReligionFacts.com, 2008). The practices of the Yayoi that were closely associated with Shinto were shamanism and agricultural rites. The shamans were the ones who performed the ceremonies and as a result, other tribes such as Yamato, followed suit and made their respective chieftains as head of the Shinto state (Religion Facts.com, 2008). Moreover, the history of Shintoism can be pided into several stages or periods. The first period was from the time of Yayoi to the 552 A.D in which the religion was the sole religion being practiced throughout Japan (Global Media Outreach, 2008). However, in the year 645 A.D., then Japanese Emperor Kotoku rejected Shintoism and instead embraced Buddhism, which market the beginning of the religions decline. The next period of its history was from 800 to 1700 A.D. in which Shinto was combined or amalgamated with other religions such Confucianism and Buddhism, resulting in Ryobu Shinto or a dual-aspect religion (Global Media Outreach, 2008). It was also during this period that the religion experienced a significant decline as less people were practicing it. There was also a period that Shinto was revived, particularly due to the efforts of Hirata, who was one of the most prominent scholars of the religion. In 1700, Harata in his writings emphasized the importance of Shintoism as it reaffirms the belief that Japan and its people are of pine origin. His ideas led to the Japanese peoples renewal in the Shinto faith (Global Media Outreach, 2008). In addition, Emperor Meiji made Shinto as Japans official religion although people were still allowed to practice Buddhism. It then became a state religion in 1882 and it was also during this time that the belief in the Emperors pinity was strengthened (Global Media Outreach, 2008). The Emperors superior status was further reaffirmed following the victories of Japan in World War II. However, after the countrys defeat at the end of the war, the idea that the Emperor was pine was no longer believed by a lot of people. As a result, Shinto was abolished as the official religion of the people of Japan and all its images, shrines, and other objects of worship were removed from government protection and were only preserved by private entities (Global Media Outreach, 2008). Characteristics As mentioned above, the main characteristics of the Shintoism was its worship of objects and beings or kami which they consider as pine or superior. This may include even the simplest inanimate objects. The religion also has great worship and reverence for nature, which is why a strangely-shaped rock, waterfall, or even the moon can be considered as kami (Crystallink.com, 2008). Moreover, despite being a well-preserved religion, Shinto has no official scriptures, no organized system of beliefs, and no set of dogmas (Crystallnks.com, 1008) unlike other religions such as Christianity and Islam. It does not have its own moral code and mainly follows the code of Confucianism (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Beliefs One of the main beliefs of the Shinto is that Japanese are descendants from the sun goddess Amaterasu, which began through the Imperial family. This is also the reason behind the belief that every Japanese was Kamis child, which means that human life is pine and sacred (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). It is also believed that a pine couple, called Izanagi-mikoto and Izanami-no-mikoto were the ones who gave birth to the islands of Japan and also to the gods and goddesses that the religion worshipped. Their son and Amaterasus brother, Susano, was one of the deities who descended from the heavens to the Earth and was famous for slaying an evil serpent that plagued Japan (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). In addition, the followers of Shinto also had high regard for mushui (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008) which are the Kamis harmonizing and creative powers. It is also their objective to possess makoto (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008) which means being sincere or true to ones heart. Both practices are believed to be the will of the gods and goddesses of the religion. Furthermore, possibly the distinguishing belief of Shintoism is its Four Affirmations (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). The first affirmation is Tradition and the family, (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008) which means that the family is the main tool that preserves tradition and includes celebrations that are associated with marriage and birth. The second affirmation is Love of nature, (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008) which treats everything in nature as sacred. It also means that being close to nature is similar to being close to the gods which is why objects of nature are considered as sacred spirits. The third affirmation is Physical cleanliness, (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008) which urges followers of Shinto to constantly wash their hands, rinse their mouths, or take baths. Finally, the fourth affirmation is Matsuri, (Religious Toleranc.org, 2008) which is the honor, reverence, and worship given to the kami and ancestral spirits. Practices In general the Shinto has a variety of practices. However, possibly the most notable among them is their place of worship the shrines. For the followers of the religion, the shrines are the places where kami can be found. Each shrine is dedicated to a certain god or goddess who has his or her own pine and unique personality and powers (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). The most important shrine structure is the inner sanctuary, called honden. Enshrined inside the honden is a sacred symbol called mitama-shiro, which means pine spirits symbol or shintai, which means kami body (ReligionFacts.com, 2008). These symbols are usually in the form of mirrors but there are times when they are wooden images, swords, or other objects. In addition, nobody, except for the heat priest, is allowed to view these sacred symbols and enter the inner sanctuary (ReligionFacts.com, 2008). Moreover, located at the entranced of the shrine are gateways or torii. Before visitors can enter the gateway, they wash their hands and rinse their mouths on an ablution basin. Upon doing so, they usually pray and make an offering on the oratory. They may also ask priests to conduct special prayers for a certain wish or desire (ReligionFacts.com, 2008). Another notable practice of Shintoism is its ceremonies. Usually, Shinto ceremonies are done to ask the kami or deities for protection or treatment. These ceremonies largely consists of prayers, offerings, abstinence, and most of all purification through washing with water, which symbolizes the cleansing of the impurities and dust that cover ones mind (ReligionFacts.com, 2008). It can be said that this practice is similar to the Catholic religions practice of praying before the statues of saints and making offerings in order to ask for a certain personal wish. Moreover, Shitnoism is also known for its ritual dances called Kagura. This dance is usually performed by skilled people and may include group of men, a single man, or a group of girls who are still virgins. It is also the practice of the Shinto followers to wear mamori, which are charms used for protection or healing. In addition, origami, which means paper of the spirits, is never cut or torn as this gives respect to the trees that gave their lives to create origami paper (Religious Tolerance.org, 2008). Scriptures and Texts As mentioned above, Shintoism does not have any official scriptures or texts like the Bible or Quran. However, it has certain books and texts that are considered important not only to the religion but to the entire country as well as they also accounts of the ancient literature, history, and topography of Japan. These books include the Kojiki, which is also called the Record of Ancient Matters and the Nihongi or Nihon shoki, which is called Chronicles of Japan (ReligiousFacts.com, 2008). References Crystallink.com. (2008). Shinto. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://www.crystalinks.com/shinto.html. Dominguez, J. (2006). All about Shintoism. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://www.religion-cults.com/Eastern/Shintoism/shinto.htm. Global Media Outreach. (2008). Shintoism. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://www.greatcom.org/resources/handbook_of_todays_religions/03chap06/default.htm>. Public Service Projects. (2008). Shintoism, Shinto. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://mb-soft.com/believe/txo/shintois.htm. Religious Facts.com (2008). Shinto. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://www.religionfacts.com/shinto/index.htm. Religious Tolerance.org. (2008). Religions of the World: Shinto. Retrieved December 8, 2008 from http://www.religioustolerance.org/shinto.htm.
Tuesday, March 17, 2020
Free Essays on American By Heart
Within Willa Catherââ¬â¢s novel, Death Comes For the Archbishop, the definition of what it means to be an American is portrayed through the main character, Father Jean Latour. Though an Irishman by birth, and a Frenchman by ancestry, he soon becomes an American by heart, as he spends his time in western America on missionaries. His hardworking attitude, respect for other cultures, and respect for the land on which he lives, brings out the American side of him. Throughout the novel, the extent to which Father Latour works to bring health and harmony to the extending cities of New Mexico is beyond most menââ¬â¢s capability. He spends days and nights on horseback, traveling from one town to the other, just to help a certain individual. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦[H]e had â⬠¦to be abroad for weeks together on short rations, sleeping in the open, unable to keep his body cleanâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ( Cather 275). He not only goes to extremes to help individuals, but also for what he faithfully believes in. He and Father Vaillant, in order to build their cathedral in the wilderness, face corrupt Spanish priests, the cultural and ethic differences between the Hopi and Navajo, and worst of all, Mother Nature. These adventures are a test of his capabilities and of his qualities as an American. America, unlike any other country, is a blending of all cultures and ethnicities into one giant ââ¬Å"melting pot.â⬠In order to be a true American, with morals and values, one has to feel and show respect for other cultures and realize that their own is not superior. Father Latour not only accepts the Native American way of life, but works hard to improve upon it. His compassion for their culture and their hardships is proven many times over. One of the Cardinals, responding to his letter, writes, ââ¬Å"I suppose it is no worse than a life among the Hurons. My knowledge of your country is chiefly drawn from the romances of Fenimore Cooper, which I read in English with great pleaseâ⬠(... Free Essays on American By Heart Free Essays on American By Heart Within Willa Catherââ¬â¢s novel, Death Comes For the Archbishop, the definition of what it means to be an American is portrayed through the main character, Father Jean Latour. Though an Irishman by birth, and a Frenchman by ancestry, he soon becomes an American by heart, as he spends his time in western America on missionaries. His hardworking attitude, respect for other cultures, and respect for the land on which he lives, brings out the American side of him. Throughout the novel, the extent to which Father Latour works to bring health and harmony to the extending cities of New Mexico is beyond most menââ¬â¢s capability. He spends days and nights on horseback, traveling from one town to the other, just to help a certain individual. ââ¬Å"â⬠¦[H]e had â⬠¦to be abroad for weeks together on short rations, sleeping in the open, unable to keep his body cleanâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ( Cather 275). He not only goes to extremes to help individuals, but also for what he faithfully believes in. He and Father Vaillant, in order to build their cathedral in the wilderness, face corrupt Spanish priests, the cultural and ethic differences between the Hopi and Navajo, and worst of all, Mother Nature. These adventures are a test of his capabilities and of his qualities as an American. America, unlike any other country, is a blending of all cultures and ethnicities into one giant ââ¬Å"melting pot.â⬠In order to be a true American, with morals and values, one has to feel and show respect for other cultures and realize that their own is not superior. Father Latour not only accepts the Native American way of life, but works hard to improve upon it. His compassion for their culture and their hardships is proven many times over. One of the Cardinals, responding to his letter, writes, ââ¬Å"I suppose it is no worse than a life among the Hurons. My knowledge of your country is chiefly drawn from the romances of Fenimore Cooper, which I read in English with great pleaseâ⬠(...
Sunday, March 1, 2020
Profile of Serial Killer Tommy Lynn Sells
Profile of Serial Killer Tommy Lynn Sells Tommy Lynn Sells was a serial killer who claimed responsibility for over 70 murders across the United States, earning him the nickname Coast to Coast Killer. Sellsà was convicted of only one murder, but this single convictionà was enough to land him on Texass death row. In 2014, he was executed in the Allan B. Polunsky Unit near Livingston, Texas. The Tip of the Iceberg On Dec. 31, 1999, 10-year-old Krystal Surles was staying at the house of a friend, 13-year-old Kaylene Katy Harris, when she was attacked by a man in the bedroom where the two girls were sleeping. She watched as the man grabbed Kaylene and slashed her throat. Pretending to be dead, she stayed still until she had the opportunity to escape and get help from the next door neighbor. With the help of a forensic artist, Krystal was able to provide enough detail to create a sketchà that eventually led to the arrest of Tommy Lynn Sells. It turned out Sells knew Terry Harris, Kaylenes adopted father. Kaylene was his intended victim that night.à Sells was arrested days later on January 2, 2000, at the trailer where he lived with his wife and her four children. It was a peaceful arrest; he did not resist or even ask why he was being arrested. Sells laterà confessedà to killing Kaylene Harris and attempting to kill Krystal, but that was just the tip of the iceberg. During the following months, Sells admitted to killing multiple men, women, and children in several states across the country. Childhood Years Tommy Lynn Sells and his twin sister Tammy Jean were born in Oakland, California on June 28, 1964. His mother, Nina Sells, was a single mother with three other children at the time that the twins were born. The family moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and at 18 months old, both Sells and Tammy Jean contracted spinal meningitis, which killed Tammy Jean. Tommy survived.à Soon after his recuperation, Sells was sent to live with his aunt Bonnie Walpole, in Holcomb, Missouri. He stayed there until age 5 when he returned to live with his mother after she discovered that Walpole was interested in adopting him.à Throughout his early childhood years, Sells was leftà mostly to fend for himself. He rarely attended school and by the age of 7, he was drinking alcohol. Childhood Trauma Around this same time, Sellsà began hanging around with a man from a nearby town. The man showed him a lot ofà attention in the form of gifts and frequent outings. On several occasions, Sells spent the night at the mans home. Later, this sameà man was found guilty of child molestation,à which came as no surprise to Sells, who had been one of his victims starting when he was just 8 years old.à From the age of 10 to 13, Sells showed a special knack for staying in trouble. By age 10, he had stopped attending school, choosing instead to smoke pot and drink alcohol. Once, when he was 13,à he climbed naked into his grandmothers bed. This was the last straw for Tommys mother. Within days, she took his siblings and left Tommy alone, leaving not so much as a forwarding address. The Carnage Begins Filled with rage after his abandonment, the teenage Sells attacked his first female victim by pistol whipping her until she was unconscious. With no home and no family, Sells began drifting from town to town, picking up odd jobs and stealing what he needed. Sells later claimed he committed his first murder at age 16, after breaking into a home and killing a man inside who wasà performing oral sex on a young boy. There was never any proof to back up his claim about the incident. Sells also claimed to have shot and killed John Cade Sr. in July 1979, after Cade caught him burglarizing his home. A Bad Reunion In May 1981, Sells moved to Little Rock, Arkansas and moved back in with his family. The reunion was short-lived. Nina Sells told him to leave after heà attempted to have sexà with her while she was taking a shower. Back out on the streets, Sells returned to doing what he knew best, robbing and killing, working as a carnival roustabout, and hopping trains to get to his next destination. He later confessed to killing two people in Arkansas before heading to St. Louis in 1983. Only one of the murders, that of Hal Akins, was ever confirmed. Transient Serial Killing In May 1984 Sills was convicted of car theft and he was given a two-year prison sentence. Heà was releasedà from prison the following February but failed to follow the terms of hisà probation. While in Missouri, Sells started working a county fair in Forsyth where he met Ena Cordt, 35, and her 4-year-old son. Sells later admitted to killing Cordt and her son. According to Sells,à Cordtà invited him back to her house, but when he caught herà going through his knapsack, he beat her to death with a baseball bat. He then did the same to the only witness of the crime, the 4-year-old Rory Cordt. Their bodies were found three days later. Overdosed on Heroin By September 1984, Sells was back in jail for drunk driving after crashing his car. He stayed in jail until May 16, 1986. Back in St. Louis, Sells claimsà he shot a stranger in self-defense. He then headed to Aransas Pass, Texas, where he was hospitalized for anà overdose of heroin. Once out of the hospital, he stole a car and headed to Fremont, California. While in Freemont, investigators believe he was responsible for the death of Jennifer Duey, 20, who was shot to death. They also believe he was responsible for murdering Michelle Xavier, 19, who was found dead with her throat cut. Unconfirmed Killing In October 1987, Sells was living in Winnemucca, Nevada, with 20-year-old Stefanie Stroh. Sells confessed to drugging Stroh with LSD, then strangling her and disposing of her body by weighing down her feet with concrete and putting her body into a hot spring in the desert. This crime was never confirmed. According to Sells he left Winnemucca on November 3rd and headed east. In October 1987, heà confessed to murdering Suzanne Korcz, 27, in Amherst, New York. A Helping Hand Keith Dardeen was the next known unfortunate victim that tried to befriend Sells. He spotted Sells hitchhiking in Ina, Illinois and offered him a hot meal at his home. In return, Sells shotà Dardeenà and then mutilated his penis. Next, he murderedà Dardeensà three-year-old son Pete by bludgeoning him with a hammer. He then turned his rage onà Dardeensà pregnant wife Elaine, who he attempted to rape. The attack caused Elaine to go into labor and she gave birth to her daughter. Neither mother nor daughter survived. Sells beat both of them to death with a bat. He then inserted the bat into Elaines vagina, tucked the children and the mother into bed and left. Theà crime went unsolvedà for 12 years until Sells confessed. Julie Rae Harper Sellsà confessed to an unbelievable cross-country crime spree although many of the crimes he describes have never been verified.à In 2002, crime writer Diane Fanning began corresponding with Sells as he awaited the death penaltyà in Texas. In one of his letters to Fanning, Sells confessed to the murder of 10-year-old Joel Kirkpatrick. Joels mother, Julie Rae Harper, was found guilty of his murder and was in prison. Later Sells told Fanning, during a face-to-face interview, that Harper had been rude to him at a convenience store, so to get back at her, he followed her home and murdered the boy. The confession,à along with Fannings testimony at a prison review board and with help from the Innocence Project, later resulted in a new trial for Harper that ended in anà acquittal. Coast to Coast For 20 years Sells was a transient serial killer that managed toà stay under the radarà as he roamed around the country killing and raping unsuspecting victims of all ages. Investigators believe that Sells is likely responsible for 70 murders across the country. During his confessions, he took on the nickname Coast to Coast when telling about the different murders he had committed one month while in California and the next month while in Texas. Based on Sells confessions throughout the years, the following timetable can be pieced together, however, not all of his claims have been proven. December 1988à - Tucson, Arizona - Sells killsà Ken Lauten over a bad drug deal.Between Decemberà - January 1988à - Sells murders an unknown woman and her three-year-old son in Salt Lake City, Utah, disposing of their bodies in the Snake River in Idaho.January 1988à -à à Ina, Illinois - After murdering the Dardeen family, Sells is arrested for stealing a car. He takes off before his scheduled court appearance.January 1988à - Lawrence, Massachusetts - Melissa Trembly, 11, isà raped and murdered.January 27, 1989à - Truckee, California - Sells kills an unnamedà prostituteà and disposes of her body. An unidentified womans body was found at the location that he describes to police.April 1989à - Roseburg, Oregon - Sells killsà an unnamed woman that was in her twenties.Mayà 9, 1989à - Roseburg, Oregon - Sells killsà a female hitchhiker.Mayà 9, 1989à - Roseburg, Oregon - Sells is arrestedà for stealing from his employer. He spends 15 days in jail.Augus t 16, 1989à - North Little Rock, Arkansas - Sells is arrestedà on theft charges. October 18, 1989à - Oakland, California - Sells is chargedà with public drunkenness and put into detox.November 1989à - Carson City, Nevada - Sells is charged with public drunkenness.December 1989à - Phoenix, Arizona - Sells is hospitalizedà for a heroin overdose.Januaryà 7, 1990à - Salt Lake City, Utahà - Sells is arrested on charges ofà cocaine possession but released after police determined that he was not in possession of drugs.January 12, 1990à - Rawlings, Wyoming - Sells is arrested and sent to prison for auto theft. He is released in January 1991.December 1991à - Marianna, Florida - Sells killsà Teresa Hall, 28, and her five-year-old daughter.March and April 1992à - Charleston, South Carolina - Sells is arrestedà forà public drunkenness.May 13, 1992à - Charleston, West Virginia - Sells is imprisonedà for raping, beating and stabbing a 20-year-old woman who survived the attack. He is sentenced to two 10-year prison terms andà released in May 1997.October 13, 1997à - Lawrenceville, Illinois - Sells attacksà Julie Rea Harper and stabbs10-year-old Joel Kirkpatrick to death. October 1997à - Springfield, Missouri - Stells kidnaps, rapes and strangles to death 13-year-old Stephanie Mahaney.October 1998à - Del Rio, Texas - Sells marriesà a woman with three children. The couple is separated for two weeks in February 1999 and again in late March 1999.March 30, 1999à - Del Rio, Texas - Sells rapesà and murders Debbie Harris, 28 and eight-year-old Ambria Harris.April 18, 1999à - San Antonio, Texas - Sells rapesà and strangles nine-year-old Mary Perez.May 13, 1999à - Lexington, Kentucky - Sells rapesà and murders 13-year-old Haley McHone, then sells her bicycle for $20.Mid-May to June 24, 1999à - Madison, Wisconsin - Sells is jailed for drunk andà disorderly conduct.Julyà 3, 1999à - Kingfisher, Oklahoma - Sells shoots and killsà 14-year-old Bobbie Lynn Wofford.December 31, 1999à - Del Rio, Texas - Sellsââ¬â¢ commits his final act of murder - 13-year-old Kaylene Harris and attempted murder of 10-year-old Krystal Surles. Trial and Sentencing On September 18, 2000, Sells pleaded guilty and was convicted of the capital murder of Kaylene Harris and attempted murder of Krystal Surles. He was sentenced to death. On September 17, 2003, Sells was indicted for the 1997 Greene County, Missouri murder of Stephanie Mahaney. Also in 2003, Sells pleaded guilty to strangling to death nine-year-old Mary Bea Perez of San Antonio, for which he received a life sentence. Execution Sells was executed in Texas on April 3, 2014, at 6:27 p.m. CSTà by lethal injection. He declined to make a final statement.
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